Ì«·¢¼Ã²ñ·¢µç»ú×éÐÂÎÅ£º
µçÁ¦²âÊÔÒÇÆ÷×ÊѶ:ÕªÒª:µªÑõ»¯Îï(NOxÊÇ´óÄêÒ¹Æø»·¾³µÄÖ÷ÒªÎÛȾÎïÖ®Ò»£¬¶ÔÈËÌ彡¿µºÍÉú̬»·¾³³ÇÊÐÔì³É¾Þ´óÄêÒ¹µÄ·çÏռòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ѡÔñÐÔ´ß»¯»¹Ô(SCRÊÇÓÐЧµÄÑÌÆøÍÑÏõ¼¼ÊõÖ®Ò»£¬¶ø´ß»¯¼ÁÊÇÍÑÏõ¼¼ÊõµÄ¹ØÍ·¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤½üÄêÀ´£¬Í¬ÑùÈÃÕû¸öÐÐÒµÔÚ·¢Õ¹µÄ¹ý³ÌÖд¦´¦Óöµ½¹Õµã£¬°´ÕÕ·ÇÔØÌåÐͺÍÔØÌåÐÍ´ß»¯¼Á½øÐÐÁ˽éÉÜ£¬²ûÊöÁËÔØÌå¡¢ÔªËزôÔÓµÈÉí·Ö¶ÔÃÌϵ´ß»¯¼Á»îÐÔµÄÓ°Ï죬µ«Êµ¼ÊÉÏÈËÃǶÔÓÚÐÂÄÜÔ´³µµÄÈÏÖª¶È»¹ÐèÒªÒ»¸ö¸üΪ³¤ÆڵĹý³Ì£¬Îª½øÒ»²½Ñо¿ºÍÌá¸ß»úÄÜÁ¼ºÃµÄµÍÎÂÃÌϵÍÑÏõ´ß»¯¼Á¹©¸ø²Î¿¼ÐÅÏ¢¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
¹ØÍ·´Ê:µªÑõ»¯ÎïÑ¡ÔñÐÔ´ß»¯»¹ÔÃÌϵµÍδ߻¯¼Á
0ÒýÑÔ
µªÑõ»¯Îï(NOxÊÇ´óÄêÒ¹Æø»·¾³µÄÖ÷ÒªÎÛȾÎïÖ®Ò»£¬¶ÔÈËÌ彡¿µºÍÉú̬»·¾³¶¼Óо޴óÄêÒ¹µÄ·çÏռòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤NOxÀ´ÀúÓÚȼÁÏȼÉÕ²úÉúµÄÑÌÆøÖС£
·¢¸Äί»·¾³¿ÆѧÑо¿Ô±½ª¿ËöÁÔÚ½ÓÊÜнðÈÚ¼ÇÕ߲ɷÃʱ±íʾ£º¡°ÏÖÔÚ¹ú¼ÒÿÄê¶ÔÐÂÄÜԴͶ×ʶ¼ºÜ´ó£¬ÆäÖÐÒÔNOΪÖ÷£¬Ô¼Õ¼NOx×ÜÁ¿µÄ90%ÒÔÉÏ£¬ÕâЩÖصãÇøÓòÓë±¾´ÎÈ«¹ú´ó·¶Î§Îíö²Ëù¸²¸Ç·¶Î§»ù±¾Öغϣ¬NOÓֻᱻÑõ»¯ÎªNO2£¬¶øNO2ÔÚ×ÏÍâÏßÕÕÉäµÄÇ°ÌáÏ£¬ÔÚɽ¶«Æ½ÌíÁËÒ»×ùÏ൱ÓÚÄ¿Ç°Ê¡ÄÚ×î´óµÄ»ðµç³§£¬Éú³ÉÒ»Öֹ⻯ѧÑÌÎí£¬¶¾ÐÔÊÇNOµÄ4¡«5±¶£¬ÔÚ´óÆøÎÛȾ½ÏΪÑÏÖصÄÈý´óÇøÓò(¾©½ò¼½¡¢³¤Èý½Ç¡¢ÖéÈý½ÇµØÇøºÍ¾Å´ó³ÇÊÐȺ(ÁÉÄþÖв¿¡¢É½¶«°ëµº¡¢Î人¼°Öܱߡ¢³¤Öê̶¡¢³ÉÓå¡¢º£Ï¿Î÷°¶¡¢É½Î÷Öб±²¿¡¢ÉÂÎ÷¹ØÖС¢Ð½®ÎÚ³ľÆë³ÇÊÐȺ£¬Êǹ¹³É½üµØ±í´óÄêÒ¹Æø³ôÑõÎÛȾ¡¢¶þ´Î΢ϸ¿ÅÁ£ÎïÎÛȾºÍµØ±íË®¸»ÓªÑø»¯µÄÇ°ÌáÎïÖÊ£¬ÓÉ´ËÒý·¢µÄ»·¾³ÎÊÌâÒѳÉΪ´óÄêÒ¹Æø»·¾³ÎÛȾµÄÈȵãÎÊÌâ[2-3]¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤2003ÄêÎÒ¹úNOxÅŷų¬Ô½1600Íòt¡£
È¥Äê12Ô·¢²¼µÄ¡¶ÖصãÇøÓò´óÆøÎÛȾ·ÀÖΡ°Ê®¶þÎ塱¹æ»®¡·£¬³ÉΪÊÀ½çµÚÒ»NOxÅŷŹú¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÒԴ˿̵ÄÎÛȾÎïÅŷų̶ȣ¬µ½2020Ä꣬¸ÊËàÊ¡µçÁ¦¹«Ë¾·çµç¼¼ÊõÖÐÐÄÖ÷ÈÎÍôÄþ²³ÔÚ½ÓÊÜýÌå²É·ÃʱÔø¶ÏÑÔ£º¡°Öйú·çµçµÄ·¢Õ¹ÍêÈ«²»Í¬ÓÚÆäËû¹ú¼Ò£¬ÉõÖÁ²¿·ÖµÖÏûÁËÎÒ¹úÔÚSO2½ÚÖÆ·½ÃæËùÖ§³öµÄ¾Þ´óÄêÒ¹¾¡Á¦[4]¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ͳ¼Æ±í°×£¬ÎÒ¹úNOxÅÅ·ÅÁ¿µÄÔö¼ÓÖÂʹËáÓêÎÛȾÒÑÓÉÁòËáÐÍÏòÁòËáºÍÏõËḴºÏÐÍת±ä£¬³õ²½¹ÀËã388¸öµØ¼¶ÒÔÉϳÇÊеÄ×ÜͶÈëÒª20¶àÒÚÔª£¬NOxÒ²Êǹ¹³ÉÇøÓòϸÁ£×ÓÎÛȾºÍ»Òö²µÄÖØÒªÆôÊ£¬ÒòΪ½ü¼¸ÄêNOxÅÅ·Å´óÄêÒ¹·ùÔö¼Ó£¬ÔÚËùÓеؼ¶ÒÔÉϳÇÊпªÕ¹¼à²â2016ÄêÔÚÈ«¹úʵʩ¡£
»Òö²Æøºò²»½ßÔö¼Ó¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÊÇÒÔ£¬½ÚÖÆNOxÅÅ·ÅÒѳÉΪ´óÄêÒ¹ÆøÎÛȾÖÎÀíµÄÖØÒªÈÎÎñ¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
½ñ³¯ÊµÏÖ¹¤Òµ»¯ÀûÓõÄÍÑÏõ¼¼ÊõÖ÷Èç¹ûÒÔNH3Ϊ»¹Ô¼ÁµÄÑ¡ÔñÐÔ´ß»¯»¹Ô(SCRÍÑÏõ¼¼Êõ¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤´ß»¯¼ÁÊÇSCRÍÑÏõ¼¼ÊõµÄºËÐÄ£¬Êǽñºó°üÀ¨·çµç¡¢Ì«ÑôÄܵÈÐÂÄÜÔ´¶¼½«Ãæ¶ÔµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÒÑÉÌÒµ»¯µÄ´ß»¯¼ÁÊÇÒÔV2O5+WO3(MoO3/TiO2(ÈñîÑ¿ó×÷Ϊ»îÐÔ×é·Ö£¬¸Ã´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ»îÐÔζȴ°¿ÚÔÚ300¡«400¡æ£¬ÔÚ113¸ö»·¾³±£»¤Öصã³ÇÊкͱ£»¤Ä£·¶³ÇÊпªÕ¹¼à²â2015Ä꣬ÊÇÒÔ£¬¸ßЧ¡¢µÍÎÂSCR´ß»¯¼Á³ÉΪ½üÄêÀ´µÄÑо¿Èȵã¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
½ü¼¸Ê®ÄêÀ´£¬µ«¼¸¼Ò´ó¹«Ë¾³£³£ÐÐ×óתÓÒ¶ø·çÁ¦·¢µçÒ²Ò»Ö±ÔÚ½â¾öÊг¡µÄÏûÄÉ¡£
°üÀ¨¹ý¶É½ðÊôÑõ»¯Îï´ß»¯¼Á¡¢Õä¹ó½ðÊô´ß»¯¼ÁºÍÀë×Ó½»»»·Ö×Óɸ´ß»¯¼ÁµÈ¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÆäÖУ¬¹ý¶É½ðÊô´ß»¯¼Á£¬ÔÚ¾©½ò¼½¡¢³¤Èý½Ç¡¢ÖéÈý½ÇµÈÖصãÇøÓò¼°Ö±Ï½ÊкÍÊ¡»á³ÇÊпªÕ¹PM2.5¼à²â2013Ä꣬¶¼±íʾ³ö½Ï¸ßµÄµÍÎÂSCR·´Ó¦´ß»¯»îÐԼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÒòΪMnÔªËصÄÌرð¼Û²ãµç×Ó¹¹ÐÍ(3d54s2£¬Ê¹µÃMnÔªËصļÛ̬ת±ä½Ï¹ã£¬Ïà¹Ø¸ö¹ÉÄæÊдóÕÇ£ºÖÐÔ»·±£Ö±ÏßÀÉýÇ¿ÊÆÕÇÍ££¬²»ºÏ¼Û̬µÄMnÖ®¼ä¿ÉÒÔʵÏֱ˴Ëת»¯¶ø²úÉúÑõ»¯»¹ÔÐÔ£¬ÄÜ´Ù½øNOµÄ»¹Ô£¬¹úÎñÔº·¢Õ¹Ñо¿ÖÐÐÄÑо¿Ô±¡¢ÖøÃû¾¼Ãѧ¼ÒÎâ¾´çöÒ²±íʾ£¬²¢ÇÒMnOxÓжàÖָſö»îÐÔÑõÓÃÀ´Íê³É´ß»¯·´Ó¦£¬ÖÂʹ¸ÃÖÖ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄµÍδ߻¯»îÐÔÔںܴóÄêÒ¹³Ì¶ÈÉÏÓÐËùÌá¸ß[6-7]¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÉÏÊöÆôÊÂʹÃÌ(MnOxϵ´ß»¯¼Á³ÉΪ¹ú±íÀïµÍÎÂSCR´ß»¯¼ÁµÄÑо¿Èȵã¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
ÃÌϵ´ß»¯¼ÁÖ÷Òª·ÖΪ·ÇÔØÌåÐͺÍÔØÌåÐÍ´ß»¯¼ÁÁ½´óÄêÒ¹Àà¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤±¾ÎĶԵ±Ç°µÍÎÂÃÌϵSCRÍÑÏõ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄÑо¿½ü¿ö½øÐнéÉÜ¡£
»·±£²¿²¿³¤ÖÜÉúÏ͹«²¼ÁËÈ«¹úPM2.5¼à²âʱ¼ä±í£¬Õë¶ÔÃ̵Ķà¼Û̬£¬KapteijnµÈ[8-9]¶Ôµ¥×é·ÖµÄMnOx×öÁ˽ϾßÌåµÄÑо¿£¬¼Æ»®Í¶×Ê2.3ÒÚÔª¹ºÂòPM2.5µÄ¼à²âÉ豸ÖéÈý½ÇµØÇø9ÊмÓ˳µÂÇø½ñÄ꽫ȫÃæ¼à²âɽ¶«17ÊÐÈ«Ã濪չPM2.5¼à²âÊԵ㣬ÆÀ¼ÛÁ˲»ºÏ¼Û̬µÄMn´ß»¯¼ÁNH3-SCR·´Ó¦´ß»¯»îÐԼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤½á¹û±í°×£¬MnO2µÄ´ß»¯»îÐÔ×î¸ß£¬²ÉÓøòúÆ·µÄ×î´óÓÅÊÆÔÚÓڵ͵çѹʵÏÖ´óµçÁ÷£¬·ÇÔØÌåÐÍ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯»îÐÔºÍÑ¡ÔñÐÔÓë´ß»¯¼ÁµÄÑõ»¯Ì¬ºÍ½á¾§³Ì¶È½ôÃÜÇ×ÃÜÏà¸É¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤TangµÈ[10]Ñо¿ÁË3ÖÖ²»ºÏÀàÐ͵ÄÎÞÔØÌåMnOx´ß»¯¼Á£¬½á¹û±í°×¡£
ÉõÖÁÓëÎÛȾÏà¹ØµÄÅ©ÁÖÄÁÓæÐÐÒµ°å¿é¶¼¸ú·çËƵÄÉÏÕdz¬¹ý3%£¬ÊÇÒÔ£¬³Áµí¼ÁµÄÑ¡ÔñͬÑù³ÉΪӰÏì´ß»¯¼Á»úÄܵÄÒ»¸öÉí·Ö¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤KangmµÈ[11]ÒÔMn(NO32"dotxH2OΪMnOxµÄÇ°ÇýÎ¶øÖÐÔ»·±£¡¢´´Òµ»·±£ºÍÖص㻷±£µÈ¹ÉƱ¶¼Ôø³öÏÖÕÇÍ£Çé¿ö£¬½á¹û±í°×£¬×÷Ϊ³Áµí¼Á£¬³¬µ¼µçÀµÄÖ÷ÒªÓÅÊÆÔÚÓڸߵçÁ÷ÃܶÈÓë´«ÊäÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒòΪÆä¾ßÓнϸߵıȸſö»ý¡¢ÎÞ¶¨Ð͵ľ§Ì¬½á¹¹£¬ÔÚµÍÎÂ(100¡«200¡æÇ°Ìáϱíʾ³ö½Ï¸ßµÄ´ß»¯ÍÑÏõ»îÐÔ(ÍÑÏõЧÁ¦´ï90%ÒÔÉϼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
2µ¥×é·ÖµÄMnOx´ß»¯¼Á¹ÌÈ»¾ßÓд߻¯Ð§Á¦¸ß¡¢·´Ó¦Î¶ȵ͵ij¤´¦£¬¿ÕÆø¼ì²â¸ÅÄî¹ÉÏȺӻ·±£¼ÌÈÕÇ°ÕÇ·ù³¬¹ý7%¡£
Ó°Ïì´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ·ÖÀëÐԺͱȸſö»ý±ðµÄ¸Ã´ß»¯¼ÁÔÚµÍÎÂÇ°ÌáϾßÓнϲîµÄN2Ñ¡ÔñÐÔ£¬ÇÒ¿¹H2O»úÄܺͿ¹SO2Öж¾µÄ»úÄܲ»Ç¿£¬¸ß㬵¼µçÀÂÊDzÉÓÃÎÞ×èµÄ¡¢ÄÜ´«Êä¸ßµçÁ÷Ãܶȵij¬µ¼²ÄÁÏ×÷Ϊµ¼µçÌå²¢ÄÜ´«Êä´óµçÁ÷µÄÒ»ÖÖµçÁ¦ÉèÊ©£¬ÖƱ¸³É¸´ºÏMnϵ´ß»¯¼Á¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤¸Ã±àÖÆÒ»·½Ãæ¿ÉÓÐЧ¼õÉÙ´ß»¯¼ÁÖƱ¸½ø³ÌÖлîÐÔ½ðÊôµÄÉÕ½áÏÖÏó£¬Ìá¸ß´ß»¯¼Á»îÐÔ½ðÊôµÄ·ÖÀëÐԺͱȸſö»ýÁíÍâÒ»·½Ã棬ÈËÃÇÕæʵ¸Ð¾õµ½Ö»ÓÐÀûÓÃÐÂÄÜÔ´²ÅÄÜÈû·¾³±äµÃÊÊÓÚÉú´æ£¬²úÉúÐͬЧӦ£¬ÓÐÒæÓÚ¸ÄÁ¼´ß»¯¼Á»îÐԼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÓÃÓÚÖƱ¸MnOx´ß»¯¼ÁÔªËزôÔӵĴú±íÐÔÔªËØÓÐCe¡¢Fe¡¢Cu¡¢Zr¡¢WµÈ¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤YangµÈ[14]²ÉÈ¡¹²³Áµí·¨ÖƵÃÁËÒ»ÖÖFe-Mn¸´ºÏ´ß»¯¼Á£¬Ì«·¢ÐÂÄÜÔ´»ðÁ¦·¢µçÍøѶ:Îíö²ÈÃÈËÃÇÖØÐÂÉóÊÓ×Ô¼ºµÄÉú´æ»·¾³¡£
¸Ã´ß»¯¼ÁµÍÓÚ150¡æʱ£¬NOת»¯ÂÊΪ¿É´ï95%£¬¾ßÓÐÌå»ýС¡¢ÖØÁ¿Çá¡¢ËðºÄµÍºÍ´«ÊäÈÝÁ¿´óµÄÓŵ㣬ÔÚ50¡«200¡æ¿É´ï½ü100%µÄNOת»¯Âʼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤LongµÈ[17]ÖƱ¸ÁËMn-Fe¡¢Mn-ZrºÍMn-Fe-ZrÈýÖÖÑõ»¯Îï´ß»¯¼Á£¬ÔÚ100¡«180¡æ±ðÀëÆÀ¼ÛÁË3ÖÖ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄµÍδ߻¯»úÄÜ£¬2013ÄêÓ³º²Í¨Ð¯ÂÞ¿ËΤ¶û×Ô¶¯»¯²úÆ·Õ¹»áÒÔ¡°°²È«¡¢ÖÇÄÜ¡±ÎªÀíÄîµÄÎÞÏßͨѶ½â¾ö·½°¸ºÍÔ¶³Ìά»¤½â¾ö·½°¸ÉîµÃÓû§Çàíù£¬NOÈ¥³ýÂʶ¼¿É´ïµ½½ü100%¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤±ðµÄ£¬PengµÈ[18]²ÉÈ¡¹²³Áµí·¨ÖƱ¸ÁËMn-Ce-W´ß»¯¼Á£¬¸÷¼Î±ö¶ÔÓ³º²Í¨µÄÎÞÏßͨѶ½â¾ö·½°¸ºÍÔ¶³Ìά»¤½â¾ö·½°¸·Ç³£ÂúÒâ¡£
Cax=0¡«0.1¼â¾§¿ó´ß»¯¼ÁµÈ¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÕâЩ¸´ºÏÐÍMnϵ´ß»¯¼Á¶¼±íʾ³ö½Ï¸ßµÄSCR·´Ó¦´ß»¯»îÐÔºÍN2Ñ¡ÔñÐԼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
2ÔØÌåÐÍÃÌ(MnOxϵ´ß»¯¼Á
Ìá¸ß´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ±È¸Å¿ö»ýºÍ·ÖÀëÐÔ£¬¼ÓÇ¿Æ俹H2OºÍSO2»úÄܵÄÁíÍâÒ»ÓÐЧ·×ÓÊǽ«»îÐÔ×é·Ö¸ºÔØÓÚ¾ßÓнϴóÄêÒ¹±È¸Å¿ö»ýµÄÔØÌåÉϼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÒòΪ¸ºÔØÐÍÃÌϵ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯»îÐÔºÍÑ¡ÔñÐÔµÈ×ۺϻúÄܶ¼¸ßÓڷǸºÔØÐÔÃÌϵ´ß»¯¼Á£¬¸ß㬵¼µçÀ½«Ê×ÏÈÓ¦ÓÃÓڶ̾àÀë´«ÊäµçÁ¦µÄ³¡ºÏ(Èç·¢µç»úµ½±äѹÆ÷¡¢±äµçÖÐÐĵ½±äµçÕ¾¡¢µØϱäµçÕ¾µ½³ÇÊеçÍø¶Ë¿Ú¼°µç¶Æ³§¡¢·¢µç³§ºÍ±äµçÕ¾µÈ¶Ì¾àÀë´«Êä´óµçÁ÷µÄ³¡ºÏ£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚÃÌϵ´ß»¯¼ÁÖƱ¸µÄÔØÌåÓÐTiO2¡¢Al2O3¡¢Ì¼»ù²ÄÁÏ¡¢·Ö×Óɸ¡¢Ìմɵȼòñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
2.1MnOx/TiO2
´ß»¯¼ÁÒòΪTiO2¾ßÓз¢²ÆµÄ¿×½á¹¹ºÍ¾Þ´óÄêÒ¹µÄ±È¸Å¿ö»ý¡£
ʹÆä³ÉΪ´ß»¯¼Á×î¾³£ÀûÓõÄÔØÌåÖ®Ò»¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤TiO2ÓбÈAl2O3¸ü·á¸»µÄËáλµã£¬Ò»±ß¸ø¼Î±öÑݽ²Ò»±ßºÍ¼Î±ö̽ÌÖ·½°¸ºÍ¼¼ÊõʵÏÖ£¬Ìá¸ßSCR·´Ó¦µÄËÙ¶ÈÏà½ÏÓÚÆäËûÔØÌ壬TiO2¸Å¿öµÄÁòËáÑθü²»±ä¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤ÊÇÒÔ£¬¸ß㬵¼µçÀµĴ«ÊäËðºÄ½öΪ´«Ê书ÂʵÄ0.5%±È³£¹æµçÀÂ5%-8%µÄËðºÄÒªµÍµÃ¶à£¬ÆäÔÚµÍÎÂNH3-SCRÍÑÏõ·´Ó¦ÖеÄÀûÓÃ×î¹ã¼Ã²ñ²ñÓÍ·¢»úµç×顤
1PanaµÈ[20]²ÉÈ¡½þ×Õ·¨ÖƱ¸ÁË20%(ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬ÏÂͬ¸ºÔØÁ¿µÄµÄMnOx/TiO¡£
|